BLS For Adults and CPR
BLS for adults focus on doing several tasks simultaneously. In some situation there can be one rescuer or in some other cases, more than one person are available.The team work required in the second case includes calling for emergency services, performing chest compression, managing the airway, delivering rescue breaths and using AED. By co-ordinated efforts, time can be saved and survival chances also increase.
Algorithm for Adult BLS
Be Safe
- Make sure that the area is safe before proceeding.
- Move the person out of congested space and traffic.
- Be sure not to injure yourself.
Assess the Person
- Shake the person, tap the shoulder and cheek hard.
- Talk to them loudly.
- Check to see if the person is breathing.
Call EMS
- Send someone to call for help or call emergency number and to get AED.
- If alone, first call for help while assessing breathing and pulse.
- Do not leave the person alone.
CPR
- Begin chest compression.
Defibrillate
- Once emergency aid is available, proceed further and use AED pads with expert intervention.
Steps for COLS ( Compression Only Life Support)
- Check for the carotid pulse on the side of the neck. Feel for no more than 10 seconds.
- Use the heel of one hand on the lower half of the sternum in the middle of the chest.
- Put the other hand on top of the first hand.
- Straighten your arms and press down.Compression should be 2 inches into the person’s chest and the rate should be 120 compressions per minute.
- Continue till the person responds, or other first aid help arrives, or till your own limit permits.
Steps for CPR( Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation)
- Check for the carotid pulse on the side of the neck. Feel for no more than 10 seconds.
- Use the heel of one hand on the lower half of the sternum in the middle of the chest.
- Put the other hand on top of the first hand.
- Straighten your arms and press down.Compression should be 2 inches into the person’s chest and the rate should be 120 compressions per minute.
- After 30 compressions open the airway by tilting the head and lifting the chin.
- Give a breath while watching the chest rise. Repeat while giving a second breath. Breaths should be delivered over 1 second.
- Resume chest compression. Switch quickly between compressions and rescue breaths to minimize interruptions in the procedure.
Opening Airway Procedure :
- Put the hand on the person’s forehead and tilt the head back.
- Lift the person’s jaw by placing your index and middle fingers on the lower jaw. Try to lift up.
- Do not perform the head tilt and chin lift procedure if you suspect the person may have a neck injury.
- In case of a probable neck injury, use the jaw thrust process.
- Grasp the angles of the lower jaw and lift it with both hands, one on each side, moving the jaw forward. If the lips the closed, open them with thumb.
Rescue Breathing:
- In many cases, cardiac arrest is preceded by respiratory arrest. It is important to be able to recognize respiratory issues in order to take steps to prevent cardiac arrest.
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- When a person has a pulse but is not breathing, immediately open the airway using the head tilt/chin lift maneuver and begin rescue breathing.
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